Base64 encoding is a method of encoding binary data in ASCII format, which can be easily transmitted over networks or through email messages that only support text. In Base64 encoding, each 3 bytes of binary data are represented as a sequence of 4 ASCII characters. The resulting encoded string may contain characters from A-Z, a-z, 0-9, + and / (and sometimes = as a padding character).
Base64 encoding is widely used in email systems, web browsers, and other applications where binary data needs to be transmitted in a text-only format. For example, when you upload an image to a website, it is first converted to a Base64-encoded string before it is sent over the internet.
To decode a Base64-encoded string, the receiver simply reverses the encoding process by converting each group of 4 ASCII characters back into its corresponding 3 bytes of binary data.